I-Welding current, i-voltage kanye nesivinini sokushisela yimingcele yamandla eyinhloko enquma usayizi we-weld.
1. Welding current
Lapho ukwanda kwamanje kwe-welding (ezinye izimo zihlala zingashintshiwe), ukujula kokungena kanye nokuphakama okusele kokukhuphuka kwe-weld, nobubanzi bokuncibilika abushintshi kakhulu (noma ukwanda kancane).Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi:
(1) Ngemva kokwenyuka kwamanje, amandla e-arc nokokufaka kokushisa ku-workpiece kuyakhuphuka, indawo yomthombo wokushisa iyehla, futhi ukujula kokungena kuyanda.Ukujula kokungena kucishe kulingane namandla okushisela.
(2) Ngemva kokwenyuka kwamanje, inani elincibilikayo lentambo yokushisela liyakhula cishe ngokulingana, futhi ukuphakama okusele kuyanda ngenxa yokuthi ububanzi bokuncibilika abushintshile.
(3) Ngemva kokunyuka kwamanje, ububanzi bekholomu ye-arc buyanda, kodwa ukujula kwe-arc engaphansi kwamanzi ku-workpiece kuyakhuphuka, futhi ububanzi bokunyakaza bendawo ye-arc bulinganiselwe, ngakho ububanzi bokuncibilika cishe abushintshi.
2. Arc voltage
Ngemva kokunyuka kwe-voltage ye-arc, amandla e-arc ayanda, okokufaka kokushisa kwe-workpiece kuyakhula, futhi ubude be-arc buyandiswa futhi i-radius yokusabalalisa iyanda, ngakho ukujula kokungena kuncipha kancane futhi ububanzi bokuncibilika buyanda.Ukuphakama okusele kuncipha, ngoba ububanzi bokuncibilika buyanda, kodwa inani lokuncibilika kocingo lwe-welding liyancipha kancane.
3. Isivinini sokushisela
Lapho ijubane lokushisela landa, amandla ayancipha, futhi ukujula kokungena nobubanzi bokungena kuncipha.Ukuphakama okuyinsalela nakho kuncishisiwe, ngoba inani lokubekwa kwensimbi yocingo ku-weld ngobude beyunithi liphambene ngokulingana nesivinini sokushisela, futhi ububanzi bokuncibilika buhambisana ngokuphambene nesikwele sejubane lokushisela.
lapho i-U imele i-welding voltage, mina ngingumshini wokushisela, owamanje uthinta ukujula kokungena, i-voltage ithinta ububanzi bokuncibilika, yamanje inenzuzo ukushisa ngaphandle kokuvutha, i-voltage inenzuzo ku-spatter encane, kokubili ukulungisa okukodwa kubo, lungisa enye ipharamitha kungaba ukushisela usayizi wamanje kunomthelela omkhulu izinga Welding kanye Welding umkhiqizo.
I-welding current ithinta kakhulu ubukhulu bokungena.I-current incane kakhulu, i-arc ayizinzile, ukujula kokungena kuncane, kulula ukubangela iziphambeko ezifana nokungena okungahlanganisiwe nokufakwa kwe-slag, futhi ukukhiqiza kuphansi;Uma i-current inkulu kakhulu, i-weld ijwayele ukuba neziphambeko ezifana ne-undercut and burn-through, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ibangele i-spatter.
Ngakho-ke, i-welding current kufanele ikhethwe ngendlela efanele, futhi ingakhethwa ngokujwayelekile ngokuya ngefomula ye-empirical ngokusho kobubanzi be-electrode, bese ilungiswa ngokufanele ngokuya ngesikhundla se-weld, ifomu elihlangene, izinga lokushisela, ukushuba kokushisela, njll.
I-arc voltage inqunywa ubude be-arc, i-arc yinde, futhi i-arc voltage iphezulu;Uma i-arc imfushane, i-arc voltage iphansi.Ubukhulu be-voltage ye-arc ikakhulukazi buthinta ububanzi bokuncibilika be-weld.
I-arc akufanele ibe yinde kakhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, ngaphandle kwalokho, ukushisa kwe-arc akuzinzile, okwandisa i-spatter yensimbi, futhi kuzophinde kubangele i-porosity ku-weld ngenxa yokuhlasela komoya.Ngakho-ke, lapho ushisela, zama ukusebenzisa ama-arcs amafushane, futhi ngokuvamile udinga ukuthi ubude be-arc bungadluli ububanzi be-electrode.
Ubukhulu bejubane lokushisela buhlobene ngokuqondile nokukhiqiza kokushisela.Ukuze uthole isivinini esikhulu sokushisela, i-electrode diameter enkulu kanye ne-welding current kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi, futhi isivinini sokushisela kufanele silungiswe ngokufanele ngokuvumelana nesimo esithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuphakama nobubanzi be-weld ngokuvumelana ngangokunokwenzeka.
1. Ukushisela inguquko yesifunda esifushane
Inguquko yesiyingi esifushane ku-CO2 arc welding isetshenziswa kabanzi, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ipuleti elincane kanye nokushisela okugcwele indawo, futhi imingcele ebekiwe yi-arc voltage welding current, isivinini sokushisela, i-welding circuit inductance, ukugeleza kwegesi kanye nobude bezintambo zokushisela. .
(1) I-arc voltage ne-welding current, ye-welding wire diameter kanye ne-welding current (okungukuthi, isivinini sokuphakela izintambo), kufanele ihambisane ne-arc voltage efanelekile ukuze kutholakale inqubo ezinzile yoguquko lwesekethe emfushane, ngalesi sikhathi i-spatter okuncane kakhulu.
(2) I-welding circuit inductance, umsebenzi oyinhloko we-inductance:
a.Lungisa izinga lokukhula kwe-short-circuit current di/dt, i-di/dt incane kakhulu ukuze ibangele izinhlayiya ezinkulu zichaphaze kuze kuqhume ingxenye enkulu yocingo lokushisela kanye ne-arc icime, futhi i-di/dt inkulu kakhulu ukukhiqiza inombolo enkulu yezinhlayiya ezincane ze-spatter yensimbi.
b.Lungisa isikhathi sokushiswa kwe-arc futhi ulawule ukungena kwesisekelo sensimbi.
c .Isivinini sokushisela.Ijubane lokushisela elishesha kakhulu lizobangela imiphetho evuthelayo ezinhlangothini zombili ze-weld, futhi uma ijubane lokushisela lihamba kancane, amaphutha njengokushiswa kanye nesakhiwo se-weld esimahhadla sizokwenzeka kalula.
d .Ukugeleza kwegesi kuncike ezintweni ezifana nobukhulu bepuleti lohlobo oluhlangene, imininingwane yokushisela nezimo zokusebenza.Ngokuvamile, izinga lokugeleza kwegesi lingu-5-15 L/min uma ushisela ucingo olucolekile, kanye no-20-25 L/min lapho ushisela ucingo oluwugqinsi.
e.Isandiso sentambo.Ubude obufanele bokunwetshwa kocingo kufanele buphindwe izikhathi ezingu-10-20 ububanzi bocingo lokushisela.Ngesikhathi senqubo ye-welding, zama ukuyigcina ebangeni le-10-20mm, ubude besandiso buyanda, i-welding current iyancipha, ukungena kwensimbi yesisekelo kuncipha, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwanda kwamanje kanye nokungena kuyanda.Uma kukhulu ukuphikiswa kocingo lwe-welding, lo mphumela uba sobala kakhulu.
f.I-polarity yokunikezwa kwamandla.I-CO2 arc welding ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-DC reverse polarity, i-spatter encane, i-arc stable base metal ukungena kukhulu, ukubumba okuhle, kanti okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen yensimbi yokushisela kuphansi.
2. Uguquko lwezinhlayiyana ezinhle.
(1) Egesini i-CO2, ngobubanzi obuthile bocingo lokushisela, lapho amandla amanje akhuphuka abe inani elithile futhi ahambisana nomfutho we-arc ophakeme, insimbi encibilikisiwe yocingo lokushisela izondiza ngokukhululekile iye echibini elincibilikisiwe elinezinhlayiya ezincane, futhi leli fomu loguquko liwushintsho oluhle lwezinhlayiyana.
Ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwezinhlayiya ezinhle, ukungena kwe-arc kunamandla, futhi isisekelo sensimbi sinokujula okukhulu kokungena, okulungele isakhiwo sokushisela ipuleti eliphakathi nendawo.Indlela ye-DC ebuyela emuva isetshenziselwa ukushisela i-fine-grain transition.
(2) Njengoba ukwanda kwamanje, i-arc voltage kufanele inyuswe, ngaphandle kwalokho i-arc inomphumela wokugeza ensimbi yechibi elincibilikisiwe, futhi ukwakheka kwe-weld kuyawohloka, futhi ukwanda okufanele kwe-arc voltage kungagwema lesi simo.Kodwa-ke, uma i-arc voltage iphezulu kakhulu, i-splash izokhula kakhulu, futhi ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo, i-arc voltage iyancipha njengoba ububanzi bocingo lokushisela lukhula.
Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi koguquko lwezinhlayiyana ezinhle ze-CO2 kanye noguquko lwejethi ekushiseleleni kwe-TIG.Ushintsho lwejethi ekushiseleni kwe-TIG luyi-axial, kuyilapho uguquko lwezinhlayiyana ezinhle ku-CO2 aluna-axial futhi kusekhona i-spatter yensimbi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-jet transition boundary current ku-argon arc welding inezici eziguquguqukayo ezisobala.(ikakhulukazi insimbi engagqwali eshiselwe kanye nezinsimbi ezisansimbi), kuyilapho uguquko oluqinile alukwenzi.
3. Izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukuchaphaza kwensimbi
(1) Ukukhethwa okulungile kwamapharamitha wenqubo, i-welding arc voltage: Kububanzi bocingo ngalunye lwe-welding ku-arc, kunemithetho ethile phakathi kwezinga le-spatter kanye ne-welding current.Esifundeni esincane samanje, i-short-circuit
i-transition splash incane, futhi izinga lokuchaphaza endaweni yamanje enkulu (isifunda soguquko lwezinhlayiyana ezinhle) nalo lincane.
(2) I-engeli yethoshi yokushisela: ithoshi lokushisela linenani elincane le-spatter uma lime mpo, futhi uma i-engeli yokuthambekela inkulu, i-spatter inkulu.Kungcono ukutshekisa isibhamu sokushisela phambili noma emuva singabi ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-20.
(3) Ubude bokunwetshwa kwentambo yokushisela: Ubude bokunwetshwa kwentambo yokushisela bunomthelela omkhulu ku-spatter, ubude besandiso sentambo yokushisela buyanda busuka ku-20 kuye ku-30mm, kanti inani le-spatter likhuphuka cishe ngo-5%, ngakho-ke isandiso ubude kufanele bufinyezwe ngangokunokwenzeka.
4. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagesi okuvikela zinezindlela ezihlukene zokushisela.
(1) Indlela yokushisela esebenzisa igesi ye-CO2 njengegesi yokuvikela i-CO2 arc welding.I-preheater kufanele ifakwe endaweni yomoya.Ngenxa yokuthi i-CO2 ewuketshezi imunca inani elikhulu lamandla okushisa ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwegesi okuqhubekayo, ukwanda kwevolumu yegesi ngemuva kokudakwa yi-pressure reducer kuzonciphisa izinga lokushisa legesi, ukuze kuvinjwe umswakama osegesini ye-CO2 ukuthi ungaqandi endaweni yokukhipha isilinda futhi i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi futhi ivimbe indlela yegesi, ngakho-ke igesi ye-CO2 ishiswa yi-preheater phakathi kwe-cylinder outlet kanye nokunciphisa ingcindezi.
(2) Indlela yokushisela ye-CO2 + Ar gas njengendlela yokuvikela igesi MAG ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvikelwa kwegesi ngokomzimba.Le ndlela yokushisela ifaneleka ukushisela insimbi engagqwali.
(3) I-Ar njengendlela yokushisela ye-MIG yokushisela okuvikelwe kwegesi, le ndlela yokushisela ifaneleka ku-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy welding.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-23-2023