Izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe kanye ne-welding ye-welding manual

Ngesikhathi sokushisela okuhlanganisiwe, ngaphansi kwesenzo somthombo wokushisa wokushisela, ingxenye yensimbi ewuketshezi enomumo othile wejometri eyakhiwe endaweni yokushisela ngensimbi ye-electrode encibilikisiwe kanye nesisekelo sensimbi encibilikisiwe ingxenye iyichibi elincibilikisiwe.Ngemuva kokupholisa, kuba yi-weld, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikile lithinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokushisela.

Uma izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe liphezulu, ichibi elincibilikisiwe likhulu, futhi insimbi encibilikisiwe ine-fluidity enhle, indawo yokuhlanganisa kulula ukuhlanganisa;kodwa lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, insimbi encibilikisiwe kulula ukuconsa, futhi uhlangothi olungemuva lwe-welding oluhlangothini olulodwa kanye nokwakheka okunezinhlangothi ezimbili kulula ukuvutha, kwakheka amaqhubu okushisela, nokuma.Kunzima ukulawula, futhi i-plasticity ye-joint iyancipha, futhi ukuhlanganiswa kulula ukuqhekeka;lapho izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe liphansi, ichibi elincibilikisiwe lincane, insimbi encibilikisiwe iba mnyama, futhi uketshezi oluncibilikile lumpofu.Kulula ukukhiqiza amaphutha afana nokungena okungaphelele, ukuntuleka kokuhlanganiswa, nokufakwa kwe-slag.

Ngakho-ke, ukulawula ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokushisela kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ophelile.

Umfanekiso we-1 Tianqiao welding

Izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe lihlobene eduze ne-welding current, ububanzi be-electrode, indlela yokuthutha, i-engeli ye-electrode, nesikhathi sokushiswa kwe-arc.Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziyathathwa ukuze kulawulwe izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe ngokuya ngezinto ezifanele.

 1. I-Welding yamanje kanye nobubanzi be-electrode

Lezi zici ezimbili ziyizici ezibalulekile zokushisela, futhi lezi ezimbili nazo zinesibopho esingenakuhlukaniswa.Ngesikhathi se-fusion welding, i-current egeleza ibuyela emuva nge-weldment ibizwa ngokuthi i-welding current.Ububanzi be-electrode bubhekisela kusayizi we-cross-sectional wenduku yensimbi yokugcwalisa.Ngamagama alula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi induku yokushisela ingancibilika kahle inqunywa ukudluliswa kwamanje.

Uma i-current incane kakhulu, kunzima ukuqala i-arc, i-electrode kulula ukunamathela ku-weldment, izikali zezinhlanzi zikhulu, futhi izinhlangothi ezimbili azihlanganisiwe;uma i-current inkulu kakhulu, i-splash kanye nentuthu ngesikhathi se-welding kuzoba kukhulu, i-electrode izoba bomvu, futhi ubuso bechibi elincibilikisiwe buzokhanya kakhulu.Kulula ukushiswa nokusika kancane;uma i-current ifanelekile, kulula ukuyishisa futhi i-arc izinzile, ukuchaphaza kuncane, umsindo ozwakalayo ozwakalayo uzwakala, izinhlangothi ezimbili zomphetho we-welding zishintsha ngokushelelayo kusisekelo, izikali zezinhlanzi ezingaphezulu kakhulu. mncane, kanye ne-welding slag kulula Knock out.Ngokusetshenziswa kwayo, kunobudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi.

1.1 Khetha i-welding current kanye ne-electrode diameter ngokusho kwesikhala se-weld

Ezimweni eziqondile, ezivundlile neziqondile, i-current incane ngokuhambisanayo kunaleyo ye-welding eyisicaba, futhi yamanje kufanele ibe yincane ngo-10% kunaleyo yokushisela okuyisicaba.

Ngokufanayo, endaweni eqondile, evundlile, futhi eqondile, ububanzi be-electrode ngokuvamile buncane kunalolo lwe-flat welding.Isibonelo, ekushiseleni okuyisicaba kwepuleti eliyisicaba elikhulu kuno-12mm, i-electrode engu-5.0mm ivame ukusetshenziswa., Futhi cishe awekho i-electrode enobubanzi obungu-5.0mm ezindaweni eziqondile, ezivundlile neziqondile.

1.2 I-welding current kanye ne-electrode diameter ikhethwa ngokwezinga lokushisela le-weld.

Isibonelo, ku-12mm we-flat plate butt joints, 3.2mmAma-electrodes we-Tianqiaongokuvamile asetshenziselwa ungqimba olungezansi lwe-welding eyisicaba, kanti i-welding current ingu-90-110A, kanye no-4.0mm.Ama-electrodes we-Tianqiaoingasetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa kanye nesendlalelo sekhava, futhi i-welding current yi-160-175A.

Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa okunengqondo kwe-welding current kanye nobubanzi be-electrode kungalawula kalula izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe, okuyisisekelo sokwakheka okuhle kwe-weld.Uma i-welding current incane kakhulu, izinga lokushisa le-weld pool liphansi kakhulu, okwenza i-arc ingazinzi, futhi i-workpiece ingase ingashiselwa.Uma i-welding current iphezulu kakhulu futhi izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe liphezulu kakhulu, lizobangela ukuchaphazeka okukhulu nokugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, futhi lishise nocezu lokusebenza ukwenza ubuhlalu bokushisela.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-welding current kanye nobubanzi be-electrode bubhalwe ngezansi.Ungenza ukukhetha okunengqondo ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho noma imikhuba.Awudingi ukucacisa amapharamitha afanayo nabanye, inqobo nje uma uzwa ukuthi ifanelekile futhi uqinisekise ukubunjwa okuhle kokushisela.

2. Ukuthuthwa kwenduku yokushisela

Iinduku yokushiselaidliswa ibheke echibini elincibilikisiwe eduze kwe-eksisi.Ngemuva kokuthi induku yokushisela incibilike, ubude be-arc bungaqhubeka nokugcinwa.Ngakho-ke, ijubane lenduku yokushisela elibheke echibini elincibilikisiwe liyadingeka ukuze lilingane nesivinini sokuncibilika kwenduku yokushisela.

Uma ijubane lokudla le-electrode liphansi kunejubane lokuncibilika kwe-electrode, ubude be-arc buzokhula kancane kancane, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-arc;uma ijubane lokuphakela le-electrode lishesha kakhulu, ubude be-arc buzofinyezwa ngokushesha, futhi ukuphela kwe-electrode kuyoba isikhashana-circuited ukuxhumana ne-weldment.Vala i-arc.

Umfanekiso 2 welding ye-Tianqiao

3. I-engeli yokulethwa kanye nesikhundla sokudla

Ngesikhathi sokushisela, i-engeli ye-electrode kufanele ishintshe nesimo sokushisela, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi igcine izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe ezinhlangothini zombili zonqenqema olubuthuntu lifanele.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, lizobangela ukushiswa, futhi uma liphansi kakhulu, lizobangela ukwenzeka kokungena okwanele nokuhlanganisa.Lapho i-engeli phakathi kwe-electrode kanye nesiqondiso sokushisela ingama-degree angama-90, i-arc igxilile futhi izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe liphezulu;

Uma i-engeli iba yincane, i-arc izohlakazwa futhi izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe lizoba phansi.Isibonelo, uma ungqimba olungezansi lwe-12mm flat welding seal, uma i-angle yenduku yokushisela ingama-degrees angu-50-70, izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe lizokwehliswa ngalesi sikhathi, futhi umcimbi we-welding bead noma ukhuphuke ohlangothini olungemuva. kuyagwenywa.Esinye isibonelo, ngemva kokushintsha induku yokushisela ezansi kwe-12mm plate vertical welding seal, sisebenzisa i-90-95 degree welding rod angle lapho sihambisa induku yokushisela, ukuze izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe likhuphuke ngokushesha, imbobo encibilikisiwe ingavulwa kahle, futhi indawo engemuva yakhiwe isicaba, engalawulwa ngokuphumelelayo.Isici sokuthi iphuzu elihlangene li-concave.

Uma indawo yesiphakeli se-electrode inganele, izobangela ukungena okunganele noma ukugoqa kwe-groove.Ngenxa yokuthi i-arc ihlakazekile ngokuqhathaniswa ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lenqenqema elingenalutho lezinto eziyisisekelo akwanele, okuholela ekukhishweni kwezinto eziyisisekelo phansi;uma ufuna ukuncibilika ngokugcwele insimbi, kufanele ukwandise isikhathi sokuncibilika.I-Welding, i-multi-layer superposition ye-molten pool izokhiqiza into yokufakwa kwe-slag.

Indlela efanele ukunweba induku yokushisela emseleni onqenqemeni ongenalutho nge-engeli engama-degree angama-75, qondanisa isisekelo se-groove ukuze inyibilike futhi sijike nhlangothi zombili, isenzo ngasinye sithatha cishe umzuzwana ongu-1, kuze kube manje kwakhiwa ichibi lokuqala elincibilikisiwe, bese kungena elilandelayo Ukwakheka kwechibi elincibilikisiwe.Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhathi sokuncibilika kwechibi ngalinye elincibilikisiwe sifushane futhi isisindo silula, futhi asifaneleki ukubangela ukuwa, futhi i-welding bump ngeke ifake.I-groove engashoni nayo iyasiza ekushiseleni kwendawo yekhava.

Ichibi lokugcina elincibilikisiwe limboza u-2/3 wangaphambilini.Ichibi ngalinye elincibilikisiwe lincane, futhi leli lakamuva lidlala umphumela wokuncibilika kwangemva kokushisa kwedlule, liqinisekisa ukuthi igesi echibini elincibilikisiwe linesikhathi esanele sokuchichima futhi livimbele ukuthi lingakhiqizi.Stomata.

Umfanekiso 3 welding ye-Tianqiao

4. Isikhathi sokushiswa kwe-arc

Ekufundiseni umkhuba we-welding enezingqimba kanye ne-vertical fixed yamapayipi angu-57 × 3.5, indlela ye-arc-breaking isetshenziselwa ukushisela.Uma uqala ukushisela, izinga lokushisa lensimbi yesisekelo liphansi.Uma induku yokushisela ingabekwa emaphethelweni e-groove, insimbi encibilikisiwe izohlehla ngokushesha futhi ikhiqize ama-undercuts.Ukwakheka kwe-weld kuzophinde kube phezulu futhi kuncane, okungeke kufinyelele umphumela wokushelela ngokweqile, futhi kulula I-surface ewumphumela ayihlanganisiwe.

Ukuhlaziya ngokuma kwechibi elincibilikisiwe, uma lisesimweni seconsi eliwayo, ukwakheka okushiselwe akukuhle neze, futhi ubuhlalu bokushisela kungenzeka.Ngakho-ke, iphuzu le-welding kufanele lishiswe ngokugcwele kusukela ekushiseni okuphezulu.I-engeli phakathi kwe-electrode nepayipi ingama-degree angama-75.Ngemuva kokuthi i-arc ivutha, i-arc yeluliwe ukuze ifudumale.Ngemuva kokuwa kokuqala kwensimbi encibilikisiwe ekhanda le-electrode, i-electrode ithunyelwa.

Izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe ngalesi sikhathi kufanele liqinisekise ukuthi ubukhulu bechibi elincibilikisiwe ububanzi begroove kanye no-1 mm, ukuze isisekelo singancibilika ngokugcwele ku-droplet ukwenza i-weld.

Ekusebenzeni kwe-welding yangempela, kuyadingeka ukufunda ukubheka izinguquko ekushiseni kwechibi elincibilikisiwe futhi ukwazi kahle indlela yokulawula ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe, okuyisisekelo sokufunda ubuchwepheshe be-welding.Kuyadingeka ukwazi ukwahlulela i-angle yenduku yokushisela, indawo yokudla kanye nesikhathi sokuncibilika ngokusho kwechibi elincibilikisiwe lengxenye ngayinye, ubambe ngokushesha ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza bezingxenye ezibalulekile ezimbalwa, futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwangempela, izinga lobuchwepheshe lizothuthuka. ngokushesha, kanye nezinga lokuvela kweziphambeko ezihlukahlukene zokushisela Iphansi kakhulu, ithuthukisa amandla obunzima ekushiseleleni ukwakhiwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokushisela esikhathini esizayo.

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