Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko ezithinta umphumela wokushisela we-electrode?

Imingcele yokushisela ye-electrode arc welding ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ububanzi be-electrode, i-welding current, i-arc voltage, inani lezingqimba zokushisela, uhlobo lomthombo wamandla kanye ne-polarity, njll.

1. Ukukhethwa kobubanzi be-electrode

Ukukhethwa kwe-diameter ye-electrode ikakhulukazi kuncike ezintweni ezifana nobukhulu be-weldment, uhlobo lokuhlangana, isikhundla se-weld kanye nezinga lokushisela.Ngokwesisekelo sokungathinti ikhwalithi yokushisela, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kwabasebenzi, ngokuvamile kuvame ukukhetha i-electrode enkulu yobubanzi.

Ezingxenyeni zokushisela ezinobukhulu obukhulu, i-electrode enkulu yobubanzi kufanele isetshenziswe.Nge-welding flat, ububanzi be-electrode esetshenzisiwe bungaba bukhulu;nge-welding eqondile, ububanzi be-electrode esetshenzisiwe abukho ngaphezu kuka-5 mm;ngokushisela okuvundlile kanye nokushisela phezulu, ububanzi be-electrode esetshenzisiwe ngokuvamile abudluli ku-4 mm.Endabeni ye-welding ye-multi-layer ene-grooves ehambisanayo, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvela kwamaphutha angaphelele okungena, i-electrode engu-3.2 mm ububanzi kufanele isetshenziselwe ungqimba lokuqala lwe-weld.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ububanzi be-electrode bungakhethwa ngokuya ngobukhulu be-weldment (njengoba ibalwe kuThebula TQ-1).

2. Ukukhethwa kwe-welding current

Ubukhulu be-welding current bunomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi ye-welding kanye nokukhiqiza.Uma i-current incane kakhulu, i-arc ayizinzile, futhi kulula ukubangela ukukhubazeka okufana nokufakwa kwe-slag nokungena okungaphelele, futhi ukukhiqiza kuphansi;uma i-current inkulu kakhulu, amaphutha afana ne-undercut and burn-through cishe angenzeka, futhi i-spatter iyanda.

Ngakho-ke, lapho welding nge-electrode arc welding, i-welding current kufanele ifaneleke.Ubukhulu be-welding current bunqunywa ikakhulukazi izici ezifana nohlobo lwe-electrode, ububanzi be-electrode, ukushuba kwe-weldment, uhlobo oluhlangene, indawo ye-weld space kanye nezinga lokushisela, phakathi kwazo izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ububanzi be-electrode kanye nendawo ye-weld space.Uma usebenzisa ama-electrode ensimbi evamile, ubuhlobo phakathi kwamandla okushisela kanye nobubanzi be-electrode bungakhethwa ngefomula yokuhlola: I=kd

Efomini, ngimele i-welding current (A);imele ububanzi be-electrode (mm);

k imele i-coefficient ehlobene nobubanzi be-electrode (bona Ithebula TQ-2 ukuze ukhethe).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhundla sendawo ye-weld sihlukile, futhi ubukhulu be-welding current buhlukile.Ngokuvamile, okwamanje ekushiseleni okuqondile kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-15% ~ 20% kunaleyo ekushiseleni okuyisicaba;I-current of welding enezingqimba kanye ne-overhead welding iphansi ngo-10% ~ 15% kunaleyo yokushisela okuyisicaba.Ubukhulu be-welding bukhulu, futhi umkhawulo ongaphezulu wamanje uvame ukuthathwa.

Ama-electrode ensimbi ye-alloy anezici eziningi ezihlanganisayo ngokuvamile anokumelana nogesi okuphakeme, i-coefficient enkulu yokwandisa ukushisa, amandla aphezulu ngesikhathi sokushisela, futhi i-electrode ijwayele ukuba bomvu, okubangela ukuthi ulwelwesi liwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuthinte ikhwalithi yokushisela, futhi izakhi ze-alloying ziyashi. okuningi, ngakho-ke ukushisela I-current iyancipha ngokufanele.

3. Ukukhethwa kwe-arc voltage

I-voltage ye-arc inqunywa ubude be-arc.Uma i-arc inde, i-arc voltage iphezulu;uma i-arc imfushane, i-arc voltage iphansi.Enkambweni yokushisela, uma i-arc inde kakhulu, i-arc izoshisa ingazinzile, i-spatter izokwanda, ukungena kuzokwehla, futhi umoya wangaphandle uzongena kalula kubantu, okubangela ukukhubazeka okufana nama-pores.Ngakho-ke, ubude be-arc buyadingeka ukuthi bube ngaphansi noma bulingane nobubanzi be-electrode, okungukuthi, i-arc welding emfushane.Uma usebenzisa i-acid electrode yokushisela, ukuze ushise kuqala ingxenye ezoshiselwa noma unciphise izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe, ngezinye izikhathi i-arc yeluliwe kancane ukuze i-welding, okuthiwa yi-long arc welding.

4. Ukukhethwa kwenani lezingqimba zokushisela

I-Multi-layer welding ivame ukusetshenziswa ekushiseleni i-arc yamapuleti aphakathi nendawo nawugqinsi.Izendlalelo ezengeziwe zinenzuzo ukuthuthukisa ipulasitiki kanye nokuqina kwe-weld, ikakhulukazi kumakhona abandayo okugoba.Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuvimbela imiphumela eyingozi yokushisa okuhlangene nokwandisa indawo ethintekile ukushisa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwenani lezingqimba kuvame ukukhulisa ukuguqulwa kwe-weldment.Ngakho-ke, kufanele kunqunywe ngokucabangela okuphelele.

5. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lokunikezwa kwamandla kanye ne-polarity

Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kwe-DC kune-arc ezinzile, i-spatter encane kanye nekhwalithi enhle yokushisela.Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukushisela izakhiwo ezibalulekile zokushisela noma amapuleti awugqinsi anezakhiwo ezinkulu eziqinile.

Kwezinye izimo, kufanele uqale ucabange ukusebenzisa umshini wokushisela we-AC, ngoba umshini wokushisela we-AC unesakhiwo esilula, izindleko eziphansi, futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokugcina kunomshini wokushisela we-DC.Ukukhethwa kwe-polarity kusekelwe esimweni se-electrode kanye nezici ze-welding.Izinga lokushisa le-anode ku-arc liphakeme kunezinga lokushisa le-cathode, futhi ama-polarity ahlukene asetshenziselwa ukushisela ama-welds ahlukahlukene.

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