Izikhundla ezine zokushisela ugesi kanye namaphoyinti wokushisela: i-welding ephezulu, i-flat welding, i-vertical welding kanye ne-horizontal welding

Isikhundla se-welding sibhekiselwa kuso lapho u-welding, isikhundla sendawo yesihlobo se-weld kuya ku-welder.

Umfanekiso 1. Tianqiao welding positon

Kukhona i-flat welding, i-horizontal welding, i-vertical welding kanye ne-overhead welding.I-flat welding ibhekisela ekushiseni okuvundlile okwenziwa umshiseli ekhothamise ikhanda, ngakho kubizwa nangokuthi ukushisela phansi;ukuze i-weld ekuxhumaneni okumise okwe-T, ukushisela okumise okwe-T kuvame ukubekwa ku-45 ° ukuze kwakhiwe isikhundla sokushisela se-welding seam eyehlayo, ebizwa ngokuthi ukushisela umkhumbi.Ukushisela okuvundlile kubhekisela ekushiseleleni okuvundlile okwenziwa umshiseli cishe ngobude obufanayo nengalo.Ukushisela okuqondile kubhekisela ekushiseleleni okusuka phezulu kuya phezulu okwenziwe ngumshiseli.Ukushisela okungaphezulu kubhekisela ekushiseleleni komthungo ovundlile okwenziwa umshiseli obheke phezulu.I-flat welding iyindlela elula yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokushisela, i-welding enezingqimba ingeyesibili, i-welding eqondile ingeyesithathu, futhi i-overhead welding yiyona enzima kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi futhi kufanele igwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka.

Umfanekiso 2. Tianqiao welding flat

Ukushisela okuyisicaba

Izici zokushisela ze-flat welding:

1. Insimbi yokushisela incike kakhulu esisindweni sayo ukuze idlulele echibini elincibilikisiwe.

2. Ukuma nensimbi yechibi elincibilikisiwe kulula ukuyigcina nokulawula.

3. Ukuze uthole izinsimbi zokushisela ezinobukhulu obufanayo, i-welding current endaweni ye-welding flat inkulu kunaleyo kwezinye izikhundla zokushisela, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu.

4. I-slag kanye nechibi elincibilikisiwe lijwayele ukuxuba, ikakhulukazi uma welding flat fillet welds, i-slag kulula ukuhola futhi yakha ukufakwa kwe-slag.

*Akulula ukuhlukanisa i-slag yenduku yokushisela ene-asidi nedamu elincibilikisiwe;lezi zinduku zokushisela ezine-alkali zicacile;izinga le-HG20581 lisho ngokucacile ukuthi izinduku zokushisela i-asidi azikwazi ukusetshenziswa ezitsheni ze-Class II ne-III.

5. Imingcele ye-welding engalungile kanye nokusebenza kungaholela kalula ekushiyekeni okufana ne-weld bead, i-undercut, kanye ne-welding deformation.

6. Uma uhlangothi olungemuva lwe-single-side welding lwakhiwe ngokukhululekile, i-weld yokuqala ijwayele izinqubo zokungena ezingalingani kanye nokubunjwa okungalungile emuva.

Izindawo zokuhlala ezengeziwe e-flat welding:

1. Ngokusho kobukhulu bepuleti, i-electrode yobubanzi obukhulu kanye ne-welding current enkulu ingasetshenziswa.

2. Lapho i-welding, induku yokushisela kanye ne-weldment yenza i-angle engu-60 ~ 80 °, futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwe-slag nensimbi ye-liquid kulawulwa ukuvimbela i-slag ukuthi ingabonakali kusengaphambili.

3. Uma ubukhulu bepuleti bungaphansi noma bulingana no-6mm, ukushisela isinqe esiyisicaba ngokuvamile kunohlobo lwe-I groove, futhi umphetho wokushisela wangaphambili kufanele ube ukushisela okufushane kwe-arc nge-electrode engu-φ3.2~4, futhi ukujula kokungena kungaba finyelela ku-2/3 wobukhulu bepuleti;ngaphambi kokuba i-back ivalwe, Akudingekile ukuhlanza izimpande (ngaphandle kwezakhiwo ezibalulekile), kodwa i-slag kufanele ihlanzwe futhi yamanje ingaba mkhulu.

4. Uma kunokuxutshwa okungacacile kwe-slag nensimbi ye-pool encibilikisiwe ku-butt flat welding, i-arc inganwetshwa, i-electrode ingatshekiswa phambili, futhi i-slag encibilikisiwe ingaphushwa ngemuva kwechibi elincibilikisiwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukufakwa kwe-slag.

5. Uma ushisela ama-welds athambekele avundlile, ukushisela i-upslope kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukuvimbela ukufakwa kwe-slag kanye nedamu elincibilikisiwe ukuthi liqhubekele phambili ukugwema ukufakwa kwe-slag.

6. Uma usebenzisa i-multi-layer kanye ne-multi-pass welding, qaphela inani lokudlula kwe-welding nokulandelana kwe-welding, futhi ungqimba ngalunye akufanele ludlule u-4 ~ 5mm.

7. Okwamajoyinti ashiselwe i-angle eyisicaba ohlobo lwe-T, ukuhlanganisa ekhoneni, nokuhlanganisa okuhambisanayo, uma ubukhulu bamapuleti amabili buhlukile, i-engeli yenduku yokushisela kufanele ilungiswe ukuze iphambukise i-arc ohlangothini olulodwa lwepuleti eliwugqinsi, ukuze amapuleti amabili afudunyezwe ngokulinganayo.

8. Ukukhetha okulungile kwendlela yokuthumela

(1) Uma ukujiya kokushisela kungaphansi noma kulingana no-6mm, thayipha i-groove butt flat welding.Lapho i-welding enezinhlangothi ezimbili yamukelwa, i-welding seam yangaphambili ithatha umugqa oqondile, ohamba kancane;i-back welding seam nayo ithatha umugqa oqondile, futhi i-welding current ikhudlwana kancane., Ngokushesha.

(2) Uma ubukhulu bepuleti bungu-≤6mm, lapho uvula ezinye izinhlobo zemifula, i-welding ye-multi-layer noma i-multi-layer multi-pass welding ingasetshenziswa.Isendlalelo sokuqala se-welding engezansi kufanele sisebenzise i-electrode yamanje encane, yamanje encane evamile, umugqa oqondile noma i-sawtooth.Ukushisela ibha yezokuthutha yomumo.Ukugcwalisa i-welding yengqimba, i-electrode enkulu yobubanzi kanye ne-arc welding emfushane ene-welding yamanje enkulu ingakhethwa.

(3) Uma ubukhulu bomlenze we-flat fillet welding ye-T-joint ingaphansi kwe-6mm, i-welding single-layer ingasetshenziswa, futhi i-linear, i-oblique ring noma indlela yokuthutha emise okwezigzag ingasetshenziswa;lapho ubukhulu bomlenze bukhulu, i-welding ye-multi-layer noma i-multi-layer welding kufanele isetshenziswe.I-Multi-pass welding, i-welding engezansi isebenzisa indlela yokuthutha ye-linear strip, futhi isendlalelo sokugcwalisa singakhetha i-oblique sawtooth noma i-oblique circular strip transport.

(4) Ngokuvamile, i-multi-layer kanye ne-multi-pass welding kufanele ihlanganiswe ngendlela yokuthutha yomugqa oqondile.

Ama-electrode ensimbi athambile alungele ukushisela okuyisicabaAWS E6013, AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018.

Umfanekiso 3. Tianqiao welding mpo

Ukushisela okuqondile

Izici zokushisela ze-welding eqondile:

1. Insimbi ye-pool encibilikisiwe kanye ne-slag encibilikisiwe iwa ngenxa yesisindo sayo futhi kulula ukuyihlukanisa.

2. Uma izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe liphezulu kakhulu, insimbi yechibi elincibilikisiwe kulula ukuconsa ukuze yenze iziphambeko ezifana nobuhlalu obushiselayo, i-undercut, ukufakwa kwe-slag, njll., futhi i-weld ayilingani.

3. Umsuka we-T-joint weld kulula ukwenza ukungena okungaphelele.

4. Izinga lokungena kulula ukuliqonda.

5. Ukukhiqiza kwe-Welding kungaphansi kune-flat welding.

Amaphuzu ayinhloko we-welding eqondile:

1. Gcina i-angle yenduku yokushisela efanele;

2. Ekukhiqizeni, i-welding eqondile eqondile ivame ukusetshenziswa, futhi i-welding eqondile mpo idinga izinduku zokushisela ezikhethekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi ye-weld.I-welding current ye-welding up vertical up incane ngo-10~15% kunaleyo yokushisela isicaba, futhi i-electrode diameter encane (＜φ4mm) kufanele ikhethwe.

3. Sebenzisa i-arc welding emfushane ukuze unciphise ibanga ukusuka econsi kuya echibini elincibilikisiwe.

4. Sebenzisa indlela yokuthumela efanele.

(1) Inhlanganisela yezinqe ze-T-groove (evame ukusetshenziselwa amapuleti amancane) lapho ukushiselwa okuqondile kwenziwa, ukushisela okumile okumazombezombe okumise okwecwephe kuyasetshenziswa, kanti ubude be-arc obukhulu abukho ngaphezu kuka-6mm.

(2) Lapho uvula ezinye izinhlobo ze-groove butt welding welding eqondile, ungqimba lokuqala lwe-weld luvamise ukushiselwa nge-welding ephukile, emise okwenyanga emise okukanxantathu nokujikijela okuncane.Kamuva, ungqimba ngalunye lungasetshenziselwa imithende ye-crescent noma ye-zigzag.

(3) Ngesikhathi sokushisela okuqondile kwamajoyinti amise okwe-T, induku yokushisela kufanele ibe nesikhathi esifanelekile sokuhlala ezinhlangothini zombili nasemakhoneni aphezulu omthungo wokushisela, futhi i-swing amplitude yenduku yokushisela akufanele ibe nkulu kunobubanzi be-welding. umthungo.Ukusebenza kwenduku yokushisela kuyefana nokwenye i-welding eqondile enemifantu.

(4) Lapho ushisela isendlalelo sekhava, ukuma kwendawo yokushisela kunqunywa indlela yokuthutha.Imichilo emise okwe-Crescent ingasetshenziselwa ukushisela izindawo zomthungo ezinezidingo eziphakeme;ama-zigzag strips angasetshenziselwa izindawo eziyisicaba (isimo se-concave phakathi nendawo sihlobene nesikhathi sokumisa okwesikhashana).

Ama-electrode ensimbi athambile alungele ukushisela mpoAWS E6013, AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018, ikakhulukaziE6011ilungele ukushisela i-up-bottom up-bottom.

Umfanekiso 4. Tianqiao overhead welding

Ukushisela ngaphezulu

Izici zokushisela ze-overhead welding:

1. Insimbi encibilikisiwe iwela ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, futhi ukuma nobukhulu bechibi elincibilikisiwe akufanele kulawulwe.

2. Kunzima ukuthutha umugqa, futhi ubuso be-weldment abufanele ukuthungatha.

3. Amaphutha afana nokufakwa kwe-slag, ukungena okungaphelele, ubuhlalu be-weld kanye nokubunjwa okungalungile kwe-weld kulula ukuvela.

4. Insimbi encibilikisiwe yokushisela iyasakazeka futhi isakazeke, okungase kubangele kalula izingozi ezishisayo.

5. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-overhead welding kuphansi kunezinye izikhundla.

Izindawo zokushisela ze-overhead welding:

1. Ukushisela okungaphezulu kwe-butt welds.Lapho ubukhulu be-weldment bungaphansi noma bulingana no-4mm, sebenzisa ama-grooves ohlobo lwe-I futhi usebenzise izinduku zokushisela ezingu-φ3.2mm ezine-welding current emaphakathi;lapho ukushuba kokushisela kukhulu noma kulingana no-5mm, kufanele kusetshenziswe ungqimba oluningi kanye ne-multi-pass welding.

2. Umthungo wokushisela wejoyinti elimise okwe-T uwukushisela ngaphezulu.Uma unyawo lwe-welding lungaphansi kuka-8mm, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-welding eyodwa-ungqimba, futhi uma unyawo lokushisela lukhulu kuno-8mm, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-multi-layer kanye ne-multi-pass welding.

3. Ngokwesimo esithile, sebenzisa indlela yokuthutha eyiyo:

(1) Uma usayizi wonyawo lokushisela mncane, uhlobo oluphindaphindayo oluwumugqa noma oluwumugqa lusetshenziselwa ukuqedela ukushisela okunongqimba olulodwa;lapho ubukhulu bonyawo lwe-welding bukhulu, i-welding ye-multi-layer noma i-multi-layer multi-pass welding ingasetshenziswa, futhi isendlalelo sokuqala kufanele sisetshenziswe ukuthutha komugqa oqondile, ezinye izendlalelo zingakhetha unxantathu oblique noma indlela yokuthutha indandatho ye-oblique.

(2) Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwendlela yokuthutha eyamukelwayo, insimbi yokushisela akufanele ibe ningi kakhulu njalo lapho idlula echibini elincibilikisiwe.

Ama-electrode ensimbi athambile alungele ukushisela phezuluAWS E6013, I-AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018

Umfanekiso 5. Tianqiao Welding enezingqimba

Ukushisela okuvundlile

Izici zokushisela ze-welding enezingqimba:

1. Insimbi encibilikisiwe iwela kalula emseleni ngenxa yesisindo sayo, ibangele ukonakala kwe-undercut ohlangothini olungaphezulu, kanye nobuhlalu obushicilele obumise okwe-teardrop noma amaphutha okungena angaphelele ohlangothini olungezansi.

2. Insimbi encibilikisiwe kanye ne-slag kulula ukuhlukanisa, kufana nokushisela okuqondile.

Amaphuzu abalulekile we-welding evundlile:

1. Imisele yokushisela evundlile ehlangene yezinqe ngokuvamile imise okwe-V noma emise okwe-K, amalunga ezinqe anogqinsi lwepuleti elingu-3~4mm angashiselwa nhlangothi zombili ngemisele yohlobo I.

2. Sebenzisa induku ye-welding encane, i-welding current incane kune-flat welding, ukusebenza kwe-arc okufushane, kungalawula kangcono ukugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe.

3. Uma ufaka amapuleti aminyene, ngaphezu kwe-weld engezansi, kuhle ukusebenzisa i-multi-layer kanye ne-multi-pass welding.

4. Ukuze uthole i-welding ye-multi-layer kanye ne-multi-pass welding, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekulawuleni ibanga lokudlulana phakathi kwama-weld pass.Kwi-welding ngayinye egqagqene, qala ukushisela ku-1/3 ye-weld yangaphambilini ukuvimbela ukungalingani.

5. Ngokwesimo esithile, gcina i-angle yenduku yokushisela efanele, futhi ijubane lokushisela kufanele libe li-blocky kancane futhi lifane.

6. Sebenzisa indlela yokuthumela efanele.

(1) Ngohlobo lwe-I butt welding evundlile, kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela ye-linear strip ephindaphindayo yomthungo ongaphambili wokushisela;imichilo eyindilinga eqondile noma emincane e-oblique kufanele isetshenziselwe izingxenye eziwugqinsi, kanye namapheshana aqondile ohlangothini olungemuva, futhi i-welding current ingakhuliswa ngendlela efanele.

(2) Sebenzisa enye i-bevel butt evundlile yokushisela.Uma igebe lincane, i-welding engezansi ingasebenzisa imichilo eqondile;lapho igebe likhulu, ungqimba olungezansi luthatha imichilo yomugqa ephindaphindayo;lapho ezinye izendlalelo ziyi-multi-layer welding, umugqa othambekele ungasetshenziswa.Ukuthutha ngomugqa oqondile kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukuthuthwa okuyindilinga kwamapheshana kanye ne-multi-layer kanye ne-multi-pass welding.

Ama-electrode ensimbi athambile alungele ukushisela okuvundlile akhonaAWS E6013, AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018

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